Module 8 | From the universe to the atom
Content 1: Origins of the elements
Lesson 1 | The Big Bang
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investigate the processes that led to the transformation of radiation into matter that followed the ‘Big Bang’
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investigate the evidence that led to the discovery of the expansion of the Universe by Hubble
Lesson 2 | Types of spectra
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account for the production of emission and absorption spectra and compare these with a continuous black body spectrum
Lesson 3 | Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
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investigate the key features of stellar spectra and describe how these are used to classify stars
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investigate the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and how it can be used to determine the following about a star:
– characteristics and evolutionary stage
– surface temperature
– colour
– luminosity
Lesson 4 | Stars and fusion
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analyse and apply Einstein’s description of the equivalence of energy and mass and relate this to the nuclear reactions that occur in stars
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investigate the types of nucleosynthesis reactions involved in Main Sequence and Post-Main Sequence stars, including but not limited to:
– proton–proton chain
– CNO (carbon-nitrogen-oxygen) cycle